November 2010

Tuesday, November 16, 2010

Donate Washer Or Dryer Working Or Not

Quote transcribed by a Master

"Each of us has a corner of darkness in the soul in which brooding anger and malice.

However, these feelings are a source of energy and who can convert a function of noble goals has immense power. "(Cited above)

I want Well Warriors!

Donate Washer Or Dryer Working Or Not

Quote transcribed by a Master

"Each of us has a corner of darkness in the soul in which brooding anger and malice.

However, these feelings are a source of energy and who can convert a function of noble goals has immense power. "(Cited above)

I want Well Warriors!

Saturday, November 13, 2010

Instructions Breville Compact Breadmaker

Migration: Historical notes not to forget - How many Italians abroad?

http://www.italiaestera.net/modules.php?name=News&file=dossier&cid=182

Italian emigration was not a reality neither isolated nor remote in time. Even the rich countries of North and Central Europe have experienced a great exodus. In the period 1845-1915 the flows overseas were composed of 40% British, 16% of Italians (then largely originating in the North), 13% of Germans and, to a lesser extent, by people from other countries, such as Austria-Hungary, Spain, Russia and Scandinavian countries. Between 1900 and 1920 were about 20 million Europeans who traveled to the Americas and even more were the European migrants of the previous century, at the end of which Italy went increasingly taking a leading role.

These flows have also continued in the second half of last century and were a major factor in the evolution of our country. During the twenty years 1950-1970, Europe became the main market and accounts for almost 70% of departures.

In the '60s, between the outflows (averaging 264,000 per year) and return, you get to the annual participation of approximately half a million people. 1961 was the year the largest number of emigrants (387,000), while in 1962 it peaked with respect to returns (229,000). In

those years, as in the previous decade, are also intense internal migration, leading citizens of the South and North-East to move towards the regions of North-West to support its development. At the 1961 census, about 6 million people (or one Italian out of 10) residing in a region other than your home.

In the following decade (1961-1970) Italians in Italy from abroad send 8 billion dollars, of which 55% the South: Sicily, in 1970, ranks first with a share of 16%. But even before the impact of remittances is considerable and in 1924, these sums

come to constitute 30% of revenue in the trade balance. This river of money served to finance the purchase of raw materials and ensure availability of credit to local authorities, as well as to improve life in the South, freeing the families of migrants from debts to usurers, involving women remained at home in the management of current accounts, while it was necessary for full take-off of the South, partly because of the splitting of land into small properties, of an innovative low-growing and the small size of the trade.

Finally, changed times, in 1998 remittances from abroad in Italy (€ 292,153) exceeded those of emigrants (276,312 euro). In the period between 1970 and 1999 Italy, however, has received $ 28.5 billion from its migrants, but now the flows are of € 233,000 in revenue and € 2.093 million of output.

The 1975 is the year symbol of the 'turnaround', with total returns in excess of the emigration of over 30,000 units (123,000 the first, 93,000 seconds). In the 80s the average departures amounted to 80,000 units and as many are, on average, returns, over the years

90s witnessed a further decline, with an annual average drops to about 50,000 units for departures and about 42,000 for returns. In 2001 and 2002 departures, compared with nearly 47,000 and 34,000, 35,000 and 44,000 of returns, and even now we do not deviate from these

numbers.

Among the returnees there are the "old" immigrants come to retirement age, who prefer to live in Italy, or commuting with the country of emigration, where children and grandchildren live. Among those who emigrated there is staff in the wake of companies (the so-called technology migration) , directed mainly towards the African and Asian continents. Meanwhile, the swell

flows of foreigners arriving in Italy and are in addition to those already settled, tending to the tune of 300,000 units a year, as many Italians were directed abroad in the most intense years of the postwar period.

Many Italians who move abroad without deleting registry, were about to move for short periods at first, missing the knowledge that they can find outside the national borders, a better chance of inclusion. It is estimated, for example, that 23,000 young Italians in Germany bear annually in search of work, mostly without immediately unsubscribe from the municipality of residence. There are also workers and technicians, usually between 30 and 40, who remain abroad only long enough to finish the work

taken by your company or contracted to complete the task in the outsourced production facilities, especially in Eastern Europe, with offices usually less than 6 months.

For a curious return of history and even with smaller numbers, the North, as the beginning of our emigration is once again the main protagonist of the flows to and from foreign countries, especially for the high involvement of the North-East (32.9% of departures

and 44.8% of returns), while at the regional level is Lombardy to lead the standings on the mass of falls (13.8%), and prevail in Sicily for departures (17%).

Even internal migration, although it had decreased, there has been extinguished. A survey of 50,000 graduates of the South showed that of these, three years after graduation, 20,000 are unemployed. Of the 30,000 employees, is the third in the North.

Then there is the temporary movement of university students, a migration sui generis and the huge cultural impact. The Socrates-Erasmus, from 1987 to 2000, saw 750,000 move to European university students to spend a study period abroad.

In the academic year 2004-2005 from Italy have left 16,000 students primarily from the University of Bologna (1253) and then from the University of Rome (937) and Florence (690), and their main destinations were Spain (6,000), France (2600) and Germany (1700).

The current Italian presence in the world

3,106,251 are Italian citizens residing abroad, according to data of the Registry of Italians Residing Abroad (AIRE) , updated to May 9, 2006. The cleaning up of the archives has led to the cancellation in a year to about 450,000 subscribers, but also to take account of the findings of the Consular, the actual number of Italian citizens in the world is more realistically close to 3.5 million, so the numbers herein should be increased by 13%.

L 'Europe is confirmed as the continent's largest settlement with nearly 2 million people (1,864,579) and approximately 60% of total admissions, of which 43.9% in the EU-15.

Following the ' America with 1,069,282 residents (34.4%), of which 24.3% in America-central, el' Oceania with 110,305 admissions (3.6 %) are widely spaced 's Africa

(41,040 admissions, 1.3%) and' Asia (21,045 admissions, 0.7%).

The top 20 countries of settlement are scattered well 4 continents: Europe, America (North and Central and South America), Oceania and Africa. With regard to the Asian continent the first country of destination, Israel, he finds himself in 27th place with 5,815 residents of Italian nationality, followed by China, Japan and Thailand.

leads the two European countries most involved in flows since the war: the Germany, with 533,237 admissions (1 every 6 Italians residing abroad in that country, without, however, was insured for a settlement of entirely satisfactory) and Switzerland, with 459,479 residents and 68,000 commuters.

L ' Argentina, with 404,330 admissions, the non-European country which hosts the largest number of Italian citizens and also one in which the incidence of Italians is higher: it is estimated that local population and for 50% of Italian origin. He is remembered today and 8 senators and 31 deputies in the past 10 presidents, almost a symbol of the acquiree belief that the Italian is a feature of the socio-cultural fabric of the country.

A similar account in part may also apply to Brazil, second among Latin American countries as to the volume of the Italian presence (148,746 residents), made substantially from people of Trentino and Veneto, the in different centers with their own dialectal variants are the most common language.

Brazil is preceded by France (325,364) and Belgium (215,580) and is almost on par with the UK (145,241 admissions, 4.7%). In these and other EU countries, thanks to legislation on free movement and to the concept of EU citizenship, the Italians have known better protected over time a post that has reduced the equation "to be equal to being a foreigner stranger."

The second non-European community for the number of Italian citizens, after that of Argentina, is located in the United States (187,621, 6%). Smaller number, while substantial, residing in Canada (125,554, 4%), which has the highest incidence of over sixty (36.4%) and, unlike the U.S., is enhanced by a few hundred entries each year.

In Australia (108,472 people), the Italian community is the largest among those of foreign origin of language is not English, while the new arrivals, reduced in quantity, have reached a strong, temporary .

Below 100 000 appearances are then Venezuela (73,128), the Spain (56,137) and ' Uruguay (49,612), followed in order by Chile (27,602), Netherlands (26,102), South Africa (first of African countries, with 23,497 admissions), Luxembourg (20,401) and Austria (13,004).

From Peru is possible to identify an additional group in the ranking of the main countries of settlement that collects all the states in which a number of Italian citizens residing less than 10 000 units, including Greece, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Israel, Croatia, Sweden, Monaco, Ireland, Denmark, Paraguay and the Dominican Republic .

Who are they, where they come from,

as Italians living abroad

It is difficult to draw a sort of identikit Italian abroad, because the differences are considerable from country to country and within each of them.

The level of education is, on average, lower than that of citizens remained in Italy, partly because higher education "mass" in our country is a relatively recent phenomenon. A third of immigrants in Australia has only a primary school, while in Argentina and especially Brazil, the level is much higher (respectively, 36.7% and 44% of graduates), especially among the regions of the original North.

The Italian immigrants are not characterized for the young. Sometimes they are over sixty fourth of the community, as in France, or even third, as in Argentina and Canada. In Australia (22.4%), then, older by far outweigh

the employed.

The fact that 50% of members of AIRE has been registered for less than 5 years is only an apparent paradox is explained by the high number of children of Italians born abroad and registered as such (28% of total enrollment in the AIRE) and to a lesser extent, for those who have registered as a result of acquisition citizenship (2.6%). Some countries have a significant influence even the new arrivals: 27% of Italians living in Britain is registered in the AIRE less than 5 years and this is due to the considerable shift of young people and professionals who go to that country attracted more satisfactory opportunities for training and employment opportunities.

The South has been, since the resumption of flow after the Second World War, the area most involved in the migratory movement, as confirmed by the fact that 58.5% of members AIRE is of southern origin. The first region in the number of emigrants

is Sicily (555 000). But we must not forget that the Lombards beyond national borders are 250,000 and, according to estimates, from Lombardy third of Italian business abroad.

The only provinces that have more than 100,000 immigrants are Agrigento and Cosenza, Bari and Palermo the foregoing (each with 90,000) and, hence, Milan and Treviso (about 70,000).

Among the common Milan (38,000) exceeds Rome (33,000) but above Turin (29,000), Naples (28,000) and Genoa (22,000). The numbers are not very high but still significant. If we you

descend to the level of small towns, there are scandals. If the national plan for every 100 Italians who stayed at home there are 5 abroad, in the small town of Brig High (Cuneo) immigrants (55) equals the residents and Acquaviva Platani (Agrigento) emigrants (2335) are more than twice as many residents (1102). In absolute terms, the common capital that has the largest number of emigrants is Montechiaro Palma in the province of Agrigento (8786 persons).

is well founded talk of a wider Italian community and more than 60 million people. As stated by some clarifications acquired locally, people of Italian descent would be:

• 800,000 in Australia compared with 108,472 people registered with AIRE

• 1.3 million in Uruguay in front of 49,612 people registered in the AIRE

• 15 million in Argentina in front of 404,330 people registered with AIRE

• 31 million in Brazil in front of 148,746 people registered with AIRE and, in particular, St. Paul half of the approximately 15 million people have Italian blood in his veins

• 15.7 million in the U.S. (187,621 residents according to the AIRE), but this is not as an estimate, but the results of the census of 2000.

Italians abroad:

only successful people?

It is wrong to think that Italian migration has always been a great success story. He emigrated to need, the need of individuals and the country. Even the Italian-Belgian agreement of 1946 "coal in exchange for labor" attests, significantly, that time lived

great misery. Many times the Italian immigrants were apostrophe with derogatory terms, often related to their southern origin and to their low educational level. In the U.S., to get rid of the attitude of contempt of the premises, many Italians Americanize their last names, perhaps simply by deleting the final vowel, and reached to become

Protestants. The same Directorate General of Statistics recalls the difficult conditions of the past in a definition of 1914, where the migrants are described as those who travel in third class

to cross the Strait of Gibraltar and the Suez Canal.

Many were the difficulties and widespread encountered during the reception. The Sardinians, who went to work in the mines of Belgium, were placed in concentration camps for prisoners previously Nazis in Germany too long many Italians were housed in barracks. And these are certainly not the only examples.

The Italians went into those sectors most menial jobs at the end of the nineteenth century in Germany built the railroad in the Black Forest, were the protagonists of the Simplon Tunnel, opened in 1906 as the longest stretch rail under mountain

faced dangerous activities, like building a dam Mattmark, which in 1965 turned into a great tragedy. The Lombards who migrated between 800 and 900 in the United States

in Canada and crossed the ocean to work (and sometimes die) in mines, often accompanied by their children according to American law of the age each miner could get help as an assistant, a child of 8-12 years. The coal mine at Monongah (West Virginia) occurred in 1907, a collapse even more dramatic than that of Marcinelle and were at least 361 victims, including 171 Italians.

Others went in search of gold in Canada and the United States, sometimes and sometimes not finding it. Still others are victims of harassment at work, devoted to the fight and protect their comrades and ended up being filed as subversive: he took it, for example, the United States early last century.

Many of the Italians abroad also suffered reversals of fortune, as symbolically recalls the case of South Africa and even more so than in Latin America, where poverty is now quite common even among our countrymen. In Romania, where our

traditional migration is rooted in the eighteenth century, flows of different actors of the past are now living in poverty and this contrasts with the advantages enjoyed by

migrants to the following companies, leaders of more recent migrations.

Foreign countries are no longer the paradise the times in which we left in search of fortune.

strikes, thinking about the dreams that fueled Argentina in the past in so many Italian immigrants, today there are people forced to fend for themselves, standing in line at the Italian Consulate on behalf of

those who must attend to the practices (the so-called coleros ) or dedicated, as the cartoneros , the collection of cardboard in exchange for a little cash (20-30 pesos). Moreover, even in the rich, Switzerland has found that one-seventh of the total population falls below the poverty level.

Often the Italians are distinct, if not wealth, at least for perspicuity: Salvador Allende, the future president of Chile as a student he used to talk politics with an old anarchist Italian, Latin American immigrant in the country, where worked as a shoemaker.

is also true, however, that they are Italian or of Italian origin, many successful people who held positions of great prestige in the different contexts of reference. One of the most significant expressions of success are of Italian origin MPs elected abroad (359). Brazil Wins with 63 MPs, with 56 following the Uruguay and Argentina with 39. They originate from the regions for 48% of the North, South and from 35% to 11% by the Centre. A level

regional pride of place at the Piemonte, with 53 MPs (15.5% of total), followed by Campania and Liguria. To be elected more easily are university professors and lawyers (each category one sixth of the total) does not help, however, be employed, military, sports, social workers and artists (1 out of 100 elected) and not even be union members (1 in 70).

of curiosity among the successful women remember Lisa Caputo Nowak, a member of the U.S. Navy and the first woman of Italian origin to have gone into space, and Sonia Maino, originally from a village in Venetia, became the wife of Rajiv Gandhi and now leader of the Democratic Party important in India.

Today Argentina and Brazil more than a fifth of residents are Italian entrepreneurs and many others are self-employed and professionals in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, in Brazil, about 10,641 companies, 4,512 are registered in the name of Italian entrepreneurs. In Uruguay, a quarter of the agricultural areas of the country belongs to the Italians. Also in Brazil there is a singular coincidence that the areas of greatest settlement of our countrymen (South and South-east) are those with higher social and economic development and contribute, alone, three quarters of gross domestic product . South America was also the birthplace of trade

Italian abroad in 1883 was founded the first Chamber of Commerce outside of Italy in Montevideo, while the second was founded the following year in Buenos Aires.

In New York more than a third of the population is of Italian origin consisting of managers and professionals throughout the U.S. and about 25,000 are Italian restaurants. Instead, Germany, Switzerland and Belgium, the business reality is much less widespread and almost two thirds of residents are Italian employees.

The pioneers of emigration

According AIRE relating to the whole of Italian citizens residing abroad, older people are prevalent, albeit measured, young: over half (54.2%) was in fact an age

top 40 years and of these 19.3% are over sixty (almost 600,000 people). These "pioneers" of migration are concentrated on the continent

U.S. and Europe: 34% of them are in Latin America and as much as 44.5% in Europe. A finding of this situation is found also in the distribution of Italian pensions paid abroad in 2005 (total 409,395), EU (33%), North America (27%) and Latin America (18%).

58.5% of Italians living in Europe is registered in the AIRE lists of more than 10 years, a figure that attests to the increased flow in the postwar years determinate in this continent.

As we have seen, the experiences of life and work of these pioneers, largely driven by economic necessity to have followed different trajectories and diverse: to spread stories of success those of failure.

In Venezuela, a country to which the Report devotes a chapter to study, counts more than 70,000 Italians, many of which are placed in a medium-high social position, as evidenced by the complex issue of kidnapping. But they are also a number of Italians, primarily older, living in situations of severe poverty, often because of social and economic crisis of recent years. Of these only occurs with some regularity to consular assistance, which also has, here as throughout Latin America, a reduced budget. Particularly urgent are the needs of health, which in some contexts are added, the elderly, the difficulties of socio-cultural integration and a

economic situation is no longer thriving.

Despite these problems, we must not forget that the first generation of immigrants, not necessarily of retirement age, are also those who created and animated associations, have launched thriving businesses revenge situations of hardship and subordination, were responsible relationships with local authorities, have maintained firm ties with Italy and are therefore a valuable resource in today's globalized world.

To promote and enhance the spirit and the desire of participation are more than 7,000 associations (many has surveyed the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 2000), which have 2 million 200 thousand members. About half of these work in Europe: for example in Basel there are more than 400 over 300 and Stuttgart. Is also a unique situation in the consular district of New York, where groups reach half a million members well. To avoid losses

are in place for some time, aggregation processes: think, for example, the Italian Association of South America which has 350 members and, for large organizations working in the field, consultation National Emigration.

The second, third and fourth generations

For the second, third or even fourth generations are those children born on the spot, and descendants of Italian emigrants, young and old, sometimes preserved and sometimes not

their status Italian citizens and for which there is the sense of belonging to Italy. 28% of the total registered in the AIRE it is as a "descendant of a migrant born abroad."

The Italian origins are variously perceived and experienced by these children of emigration, in continuity or less than their expectations and their integration projects in place. The Italian roots are sometimes neglected, sometimes only in private and family lived, while others stubbornly recovered and established through the study of language and rediscovering the world of Italian culture (art, history, cinema, theater), and the upgrading of products typical made in

Italy.

In Latin America, also, more or less as a result of recent socio-economic crisis, more and more young people of Italian origin who are trying to emancipate themselves from the difficulties of their countries of residence tracing back the voyage of the Fathers, namely, first, apply for Italian citizenship. The recovery of their membership Italianness binds then, in the first place, the grant of an EU passport that allows access to

Italian and European labor market and not always the desire to regain possession of their roots, as confirmed the results of a survey conducted by CEMLA - Centro de Estudios Latino-Americanos Migratorios of Buenos Aires.

This utilitarian membership of natives Italianness becomes evident even within the vast network of associations created by our compatriots abroad. Young people often have little interest in a worldwide membership linked to traditional activities, focusing on recovery and maintenance of the memory and traditions of the places of origin, such as those born abroad know very little. Arouses interest, however, the opportunity to participate in

vocational training, market orientation and depth of business Italian.

It is difficult today identify points of aggregation able to collect and represent all of the Italians abroad: the pioneers of emigration are distinguished by their children and their grandchildren

. A task far from negligible, the migration policy is to be able to give a satisfactory response to these new generations.

The new migrants

The "new immigrants" are more and more engineers and other qualified persons employed by research centers, universities and multinational companies or travel abroad in the wake of their companies. These are often young people equipped with high qualifications, choosing to rely on their training and training in countries that offer them better opportunities.

Over the past five years (2001-2006) there was an increase of graduates enrolled in the AIRE of 53.2% in December 2001 were 39,013 and 59,756 are now in May 2006. 3300 graduates emigrate each year, mostly male: the number of those leaving is equal, roughly, the total number of students who graduate each year at the University of Rome "La Sapienza" University of Bologna and University of Padova.

between intercontinental destinations the United States is by far the most important destination, but London is a favorite destination for young people, attracted by the charm of a cosmopolitan city and its educational opportunities (mainly in linguistics) and economic and professional. But this is not the only outlets: In Switzerland, for example, 267 university professors teach. Graduates living abroad are particularly concentrated in Argentina and Brazil.

Again the question arises of the connection between old and new migrants. These recent, very different from expectations, often remain largely alien to traditional associative network and gather in circles rather than tied to their economic and commercial interests. For them, emigration is an opportunity for professional first emancipate themselves from the difficulties encountered in the Italian labor market. The reasons for

possible migration of today are very different from those of the past. The fact reflected in the results of a recent survey Eurispes ( One in three Italian living abroad would , 2006),

according to which, pushing Italians migration would, in First, greater employment opportunities offered by other countries (25.7%), followed by curiosity (22%) and the vibrant culture (14%).

The globalized economy

and the role of Italians abroad

Despite the decline in remittances, the Italians in the world can be a valuable resource for the development of Italian economic and productive system that loses competitiveness for several years, but it can also recover through their active involvement. This is to enhance and promote cooperation with the business community kind experience and leverage the Italian migration in terms of information and support.

Italy is only the 56th position of the World Competitiveness Yearbook . Foreign direct investment (FDI), gross domestic product, 64.8% in Great Britain, 38.1% in

France, 33.5% in Spain and only 16 , 7% in Italy. Not a good thing going in the field Search the 1999-2004 applications for patents from Italy at the 'European

Patent Office represented only 3% of the total.

not part, however, the year zero. International trade involves half a million Italian companies, according to an estimate of Assocamerestero, while according to another source (MAP 2005) are 180,000 Italian companies exporting abroad, including 250 with more than 250 employees. Before exporting region appears to be the California (with a share of 28.5%), followed by Veneto and Emilia Romagna, and this especially in the fields of mechanics,

fashion, but just in 'high tech . It appears, moreover, that the Italian medium-sized enterprises can be competitive when you turn to medium-high market. Surveys conducted recently showed that a large extent foreign economic operators deemed reliable Italian companies, look to Italy as the cradle of design and appreciate the quality of its products.

Italy is also the first country in the number of companies and capital invested in Eastern Europe. Only in Romania there are about 17,000 companies employing 670,000 people. In China, however, Italian companies are only 1,428, plus 300 in Hong Kong, but with good prospects for development after the recent government mission in the country (September 2006).

An extensive operating network, just waiting to be strengthened and better coordinated, consists of 72 Italian Chambers of Commerce around the world, from 104 offices of the National Foreign Trade (ICE) and 155 sales offices at the 238 diplomatic and consular offices of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Law 56/2005 for the internationalization of firms has also envisaged the establishment of the Single Desk as a means of fitting all the relevant structures, and has already been achieved 42

pilot branches.

are over 14,000 companies founded by entrepreneurs from abroad of Italian origin with 3.3 million employees and a turnover of 200 million euro (CGIE 2005): in turn the CIIM (Confederation of Entrepreneurs Italians in the World) has cataloged 10,000, of which the

28.3% in Europe and especially in Albania, Germany, France and the United Kingdom. They produce for the Italian companies an induced, in terms of orders, amounting to 191 billion lire (UIC 2003).

More data help them make their account of the economic impact related to migration. Italian restaurants are 60,000 worldwide (35,000 of them in Europe) with a turnover of EUR 27 billion and one billion customers. The Italians in Germany are holding

38,000 companies, especially in the catering industry: the only ice cream, brought together nell'UNITEIS, an organization affiliated with the German Confartigianato, about 2,500, mostly operated by

Italian native to North East. The ice cream is a good showcase of made in Italy and led an annual fee of about € 250 million for procurement of materials and 100 million euro investment in furnishings and maintenance. This booming market

however poses problems in terms of continuity, but unfortunately in Germany, two thirds of the restaurants no longer belong in Italian and also in South Korea, of the 600 Italian restaurants present, only 8 are run by Italians. As children of Italian ice cream in the German cities do not want to continue the work of fathers, found a solution by connecting different realities of immigration, or arrive in Germany by a thousand young people of Italian origin

Argentina and Brazil .

The basic idea, forcefully, even during the Second Conference of the State-Regions-Provinces-Autonomous CGIE (2005), therefore, is to use Italian businesses abroad as "consultants" of the "Italian system", and this in full awareness of the work of

enhancement made in Italy of which have been promoting through their business ventures, in particular the Italian immigrants 'successful' can in fact exercise "a kind of activity lobbying. "

In this move today, especially the regions, which, through the consultations for the emigration, approve projects and allocate funds to the countries of the increased internationalization of fellow, often focusing on the promotion of specific commodity production, so the increase in reports with the community of fellow becomes a lever for local development. In this regard, mention may be ITENETs ( International Training and

Employment Networks) and PPTIE (Local Partnership Program with the Italians Abroad), aimed to guide the Mezzogiorno in the process of internationalization .

For a new cultural ties

transnational

The Italian in the world is not an unknown language, as suggested by the wide and widespread presence of fellow countrymen and natives. Switzerland is the only foreign country in which the Italian is the national language, although the percentage of those who speak it is declining. In Australia, our language is the most spoken after English. In Argentina students of Italian are about 93,000, divided into more than 5,000 courses with 1,359 teachers. In the U.S., 60,000 children

who study Italian, and from September 2005, the Italian came in ' Advanced Placement Program (APP), which will allow entry to his teaching in more than 500 schools states Minor

U.S., as is the case for English and French. In May 2006, also 20 MPs Uruguay have decided to follow a course in Italian.

There are few initiatives undertaken to meet the needs of both the Italians and Italian lovers. 6,519 courses were organized in 2004 by the Italian Italian Cultural Institute, more than 5,000 organized in the same year by the Società Dante Alighieri, 16,517 courses taught in public schools (as 2003/2004), plus additional 13,181 courses offered, like its predecessors, thanks to the contributions paid by MFA , for a total of nearly 600,000 students.

These figures help to frame the current situation and omprendere the need to engage in projects to promote and enhance teeth of the Italian language.

should be avoided, first, that new generations will forget the language of their parents. In neighboring Switzerland, for example, only one third of children between 6 and 15 years attended

Italian courses and reaches an intermediate level of knowledge, while a growing number of elderly people no longer speaks the language fluently, and this is also affecting the various levels of participation.

cultural initiatives are also mentioned as a vehicle to enhance the image of Italy and made in Italy. There are important areas that speak Italian, "think of the opera house, the restoration, fashionable. Promoting the Italian cultural heritage

means, by extension, promoting also the peculiarities industrial, craft, food of our country. The culture is indeed important repercussions at the level of international relations,

tourism (travel to Italy is a dream classic ") and marketing, and in the process of internationalization of these different aspects are closely related to each other. The language and

Italian culture thus become a sort of "early meeting" with our country, first of all with positive effects on tourism.

If you carefully evaluate these factors, the objective of enhancing the quality and quantity of initiatives to promote linguistic and cultural reasons for imposing consistency, because even now the demand far exceeds supply and urgent need for more "products" to offer an increasingly educated and modern.

citizenship, participation,

protection and social associations

is growing interest in acquiring the or reacquisition of Italian citizenship: the Consulate in Buenos Aires 40,000 requests are pending and in Venezuela today are fixed dates for 2010; Similar difficulties are encountered in Uruguay, Brazil and, in particular, in other Latin American countries. Data also attest to the other countries in the increasingly direct attention to this legal relationship with Italy, dictated jointly

is ideal for reasons that concrete interests: we have seen that young people in Latin America make sure that joining the European Union. This results in endless waiting lists and a

amount of work that consulates do not seem able to dispose of in a realistic time, partly because the staff is available to under staffing.

In RA

almost half of the students for the acquisition of Italian citizenship (42.6% or 34,471 persons) were recorded over the past five years, according to the following

sharing: nearly half the American continent (48.9%, of which 35.5% Latin America) and the other half in Europe (44.6%). It is in the majority of women (57.8%), and almost three quarters of cases (around 60,000), of ultraquarantenni.

The desired reform of Law 91/1992 should reopen the deadline for the purchase of Italian nationality by automatic of those who have lost as a result of migration (terms ended December 31, 1997) extends this capability even adult children and

should recognize the citizenship of the Italian woman married a foreigner before January 1, 1948 and their children born prior to that date.

Grave in Latin America but also in the North American continent and in several other countries of emigration, is the income situation and the social and health problem of our countrymen, now elderly and in lack of health care and resources, so that, from Italy, were initiated several collaborative projects with local hospitals and consulates, to preserve the economic efficiency and appearance, entering into agreements with various health care facilities, often deriving from the same origin migrants.

The sums allocated to Italians abroad are very limited and, however, recorded lower revenues for the consular fees, and this is a major problem in the face of a request that will become more pressing. For this idea was adopted in Parliament for the establishment of an allowance of solidarity, with a budget after all the content and subject to income limits, would allow a real take charge of this

situation.

The inadequacy of coverage also will be seeking the benefit side, because not everyone has gained the right to collect a retirement pension or many

insufficient to support them. The 756,000 pensions in the international system, largely paid for abroad (352,000), while 404,000 are the beneficiaries returned to Italy. Abroad are

other paid 58,000 pensions according to the Italian social security contributions alone. In practice, one every 8 Italians living abroad is retired. The average these annual

pension is € 3,000 per beneficiary per month € 254 (about half of the minimum pension). In the early '90s was the average annual amount of 4,000 €, but then the purse strings have been closed since 1992 and in EU countries can no longer be exported

the supplement, as also the basis for calculating the retirement pension (virtual) can not use more of that integration.

As is well known, the practices of legal, social or otherwise, are extremely complicated for immigrants. To the protection of these institutions strive practice of patronage, now present in 24 countries, with great capacity for action and considerable

professional preparation: during the campaign "Red East", launched in 2003 to ensure the INPS existence of pension rights, the patrons have dealt with 190,000 of the 200,000 forms returned to INPS.

Much is heard, then, the issue of participation that involves several levels: from COMITES to the General Council of Italians Abroad (CGIE), the referendum to political

in Italy. Participation is strictly connected to the use of the press, along with other media, as well as the association is absolutely essential, the most effective adhesive that can prevent the atomized presence abroad becomes a reality.

Today, this reality has found new impetus following the actors in the region.

The Italian press abroad is a network that includes 400 titles of printed periodical,

news agencies and online 56 are the texts published in Italy (44 and 12 periodicals and news agencies ; online). Information agencies to deal with 50% feedback, while the

benchmark is smaller periodicals (30%). The providence for the Italian press abroad are governed by law 416/1981, which provides € 2 million a year to support

160 warheads.

Political participation was sanctioned by the law of 2001 and operated for the first time, the votes of April 2006, which led to the election of 18 MPs of the Foreign Constituency (12 deputies and 6 senators), a very important component

balances in parliament.

In this first political consultation was high voter turnout, despite several incidents have occurred in terms of logistics and administrative. About 2.7 million ballot papers sent to as many eligible, they were returned 1,135,617 (42%), while 247 000 were returned to the Consulate in large majority to address error or unavailability of the recipient and about 2.3% the total was returned after the deadline allowed.

can be found with this new experience is being taken a path of no return intended to link more closely the Italians in Italy and Italian emigrants abroad.

(ranging from Migrantes - March 2007)

REPORT OF 2009 Migrantes
It has been presented Rome in the fourth edition of the Report of the Italians in the World Fondazione Migrantes. The research, a detailed 512-page volume achieved with the help of 46 editors, is divided into five parts with a total of 43 chapters. ROME. November (Foreign Italy) - It has been presented in Rome the fourth edition of the Report of the Italians in the World Fondazione Migrantes. The research, a detailed 512-page volume achieved with the help of 46 editors, is divided into five parts with a total of 43 chapters.
In the first section of the book analyzes the "flows and the presence of history and current events. The second part is devoted to "the socio - cultural and religious", while the third section deals with "social and economic issues." In the last two parts of the research we find the thematic and socio-statistical annexes.
Since 2009 report shows so far as the number of Italians living abroad, 3,915,767, is roughly equal to that of foreign nationals residing in Italy (3,891,295). A numerical balance in the coming years will be passed to the exponential growth of immigrants in our country.
The community of Italians abroad, a constantly changing reality and not in decline, is characterized by a conspicuous presence of women, representing 47.6% of the total, and a dislocation of the continental community that rewards Europe '(55.8%), America (38.8%), Oceania (3.2%) Africa (1.3%) and Asia (0.8%).
In this context, the residence of the first three countries are Germany, Argentina and Switzerland that are followed at a distance, from France, Brazil, Belgium, USA, UK, Canada and Australia. As for the areas of origin of our immigrants as the report states 54.8% of Italians abroad is of southern origin, 30.1% comes from the northern regions and 15% (588,717) is native to the regions plants.
The Report, which analyzes the dynamics and chapters with specific aspects of our emigration in Liguria, Piedmont and Sardinia, are also detailed some particularities of our historical diaspora, such as migration to Egypt and Tunisia and the Italian contribution to the colonization of Chile in 1905 to found the city Capitan Pastene. However, with respect to the current study shows that today some 40,000 Italians a year, often with important qualifications, continue to emigrate. A diaspora, that today, which is often the result of activities undertaken by our companies abroad.
According to a survey of the National Association of Builders Italian companies would in fact present in the world with 109 yards, with a total turnover in 2007 reached 5.5 billion euro share. Another face of modern migration is undoubtedly that of the Italian university abroad who are registered in Germany (7457 students), Austria and Great Britain (6,000), France and Switzerland (4,000), United States and Spain (3,000) and Belgium (1,500). Report
Researchers also assessed an annual quota of Italians returned to Italy in excess of 50,000 units. From further investigation it emerged in 2006-2008 259,000 compatriots returned from abroad were employed, at least 60,000 were working as entrepreneurs and in about 180,000 were receiving a pension. .
on today's reality of migration, in 2003 were 2,250,000 Italians born outside the country rapporteurs Report Migrantes, along with charitable institutions and associations abroad, have also launched an investigation in Europe and North America designed to detect the lives of our countrymen.
The research has shown how these two realities in our mainland compatriots have achieved a level of living and working reasonably well, read the Italian press, do not send more remittances to their family of origin and come back for vacation in Italy. Regarding the diffusion of Italian language and culture as the report states, according to the survey "Italian 2000", the language prevalent among his countrymen abroad and the host country (73.6%). Are placed in a good position but also Italian (50.5%) and individual membership of dialects (58.2%).
Lastly, the presence in the report of an interview with Renzo Arbore which resulted in our communities around the world and Italian music has enriched with his songs on the soundtrack of the video produced by TV Report 2009 Migrantes 2000.

ROME. November (Foreign Italy) - It has been presented in Rome the fourth edition of the Report of the Italians in the World Fondazione Migrantes. The research, a detailed 512-page volume achieved with the help of 46 editors, is divided into five parts with a total of 43 chapters.