The recycling of waste is an issue as inportant as neglected (often).
What is recycling? Recycling of waste means the whole set of strategies to recover materials from waste for reuse rather than dispose of them.
can be recycled raw materials, components, materials or waste from manufacturing processes, from communities of all types (cities, organizations, villages, etc.), or other entities that produce waste materials that would otherwise be wasted or discarded as waste.
Recycling prevents the waste of potentially useful materials, reduces the consumption of raw materials and reduces energy usage, and consequently the emission of greenhouse gases. (For more information clik here ). The following reports to the material taken from the THOR http://www.cnr.it/ .
can be recycled raw materials, components, materials or waste from manufacturing processes, from communities of all types (cities, organizations, villages, etc.), or other entities that produce waste materials that would otherwise be wasted or discarded as waste.
Recycling prevents the waste of potentially useful materials, reduces the consumption of raw materials and reduces energy usage, and consequently the emission of greenhouse gases. (For more information clik here ). The following reports to the material taken from the THOR http://www.cnr.it/ .
A new recycling technology "all Italian" is the Thor (Total house waste recycling - total recycling of household waste): a system developed by the National Research Council with the International Society ASSING SpA of Rome, which allows you to recover and refine all the waste and turn them into materials for reuse and the high calorific fuel without going through the bins separate waste collection.
With this system the waste can become a resource without the expense and complications (any type) of recycling and incinerators. Thor is a technology designed and developed entirely in Italy joint research by public and private, which is based on a mechanical refining process (mechano-processing) of waste materials, which are processed to separate all the components useful substances harmful or useless. Thor
The plant reduces waste to microscopic size, less than ten thousandths of a millimeter. The result of the entire process is a homogeneous material, purified by the parties and the harmful heat content, can be used as fuel and comparable to a good quality coal.
"A fuel can be used with any type of thermal system," said Paolo Plescia, dell'Ismn-CNR researcher and inventor of Thor, "including engines running on biodiesel, steam boilers, central heating systems and installations biomass energy plant. In fact, the chemical characteristics of the product is generated by refining the mechanics of solid urban waste, once removed polluting components are quite similar to those of biomass, but compared to these and are poor in sulfur-free hydrocarbons. E 'can use the product either as pellets or solid fuel or oil to produce bio-diesel through the' pyrolysis'. The system is completely autonomous: it consumes the energy that produces and sells the rest outside. THOR
The first plant, currently operating in Sicily, is able to handle up to eight tonnes per hour and has no need of a storage pending treatment and is completely mechanical, non-thermal and thus do not always need to keep it running, and can indeed be turned on only when needed, limiting or eliminating waste storage and the resulting odors. Furthermore, it was also designed as mobile plant, useful for emergencies and combat in all situations where you need to handle waste quickly, without waste and without going to large spaces, with a cost: an installation of 4 tons / hour occupies a maximum of 300 square meters and has an average cost of € 2 million.
The system can be mounted on a truck or ship. In the latter case, the productivity of a plant can climb aboard than ten tons per hour and the fuel obtained from treatment, made from a liquid 'pyrolysis', can be used directly by the vessel or resold outside.
"A system of mechanically-refining of medium-small size by 20 000 tonnes of waste a year has cost about 40 euro per tonne of material," says Paolo Plescia. "For the same amount, would require a landfill and an incinerator at least 100 250 euro. These costs must be added those of management, and in particular the costs related to the disposal of waste to incinerators and ash, or the management of odors and landfill gas, both non-existent in Thor. As for heat, waste containing waste paper produces 2,500 kilocalories per kilogram, while after mechanical refining exceeds 5,300 kilocalories.
A concrete example of its possibilities? "An area of \u200b\u200b5000 urban population produces about 50 tons per day of solid waste," reports the researcher. "With these Thor can get a daily average of 30 tons of fuel, 3 tons of glass, 2 tons of ferrous and non ferrous metals and a tonne of aggregates, which is also included in the chlorine-rich fraction of the waste that is separately to avoid contaminating the fuel. " The rest is waste water that is expelled as vapor during the process of micronization. The product Thor is coming out of sterile because the pressures that are generated in the mill, from 8000 to 15000 atmospheres, determine the complete destruction of bacterial flora and, furthermore, does not produce odors from fermentation remains inert from a biological standpoint, but fuel " .
Another interesting application of Thor, return to the islands or communities where drinking water is scarce, is the use of thermal energy produced to power a desalination plant, producing clean water and at the same time eliminating the municipal solid waste.
"A fuel can be used with any type of thermal system," said Paolo Plescia, dell'Ismn-CNR researcher and inventor of Thor, "including engines running on biodiesel, steam boilers, central heating systems and installations biomass energy plant. In fact, the chemical characteristics of the product is generated by refining the mechanics of solid urban waste, once removed polluting components are quite similar to those of biomass, but compared to these and are poor in sulfur-free hydrocarbons. E 'can use the product either as pellets or solid fuel or oil to produce bio-diesel through the' pyrolysis'. The system is completely autonomous: it consumes the energy that produces and sells the rest outside. THOR
The first plant, currently operating in Sicily, is able to handle up to eight tonnes per hour and has no need of a storage pending treatment and is completely mechanical, non-thermal and thus do not always need to keep it running, and can indeed be turned on only when needed, limiting or eliminating waste storage and the resulting odors. Furthermore, it was also designed as mobile plant, useful for emergencies and combat in all situations where you need to handle waste quickly, without waste and without going to large spaces, with a cost: an installation of 4 tons / hour occupies a maximum of 300 square meters and has an average cost of € 2 million.
The system can be mounted on a truck or ship. In the latter case, the productivity of a plant can climb aboard than ten tons per hour and the fuel obtained from treatment, made from a liquid 'pyrolysis', can be used directly by the vessel or resold outside.
"A system of mechanically-refining of medium-small size by 20 000 tonnes of waste a year has cost about 40 euro per tonne of material," says Paolo Plescia. "For the same amount, would require a landfill and an incinerator at least 100 250 euro. These costs must be added those of management, and in particular the costs related to the disposal of waste to incinerators and ash, or the management of odors and landfill gas, both non-existent in Thor. As for heat, waste containing waste paper produces 2,500 kilocalories per kilogram, while after mechanical refining exceeds 5,300 kilocalories.
A concrete example of its possibilities? "An area of \u200b\u200b5000 urban population produces about 50 tons per day of solid waste," reports the researcher. "With these Thor can get a daily average of 30 tons of fuel, 3 tons of glass, 2 tons of ferrous and non ferrous metals and a tonne of aggregates, which is also included in the chlorine-rich fraction of the waste that is separately to avoid contaminating the fuel. " The rest is waste water that is expelled as vapor during the process of micronization. The product Thor is coming out of sterile because the pressures that are generated in the mill, from 8000 to 15000 atmospheres, determine the complete destruction of bacterial flora and, furthermore, does not produce odors from fermentation remains inert from a biological standpoint, but fuel " .
Another interesting application of Thor, return to the islands or communities where drinking water is scarce, is the use of thermal energy produced to power a desalination plant, producing clean water and at the same time eliminating the municipal solid waste.
Because in Italy, on waste, we hear only of dated technology, expensive and damaging such as incinerators and incinerators?
(Not to mention nuclear power plants, but perhaps that is another issue that deserves more space)
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